HOWTO:Tomas useful Linux
From Support Wiki
[edit] This is personal notepad of useful Linux [mainly BASH] command and small scripts, please DO NOT FOLLOW BLINDLY, all of it should be treated as example, not for copy-paste purposes.
[edit] find core dumps
find / -name "core" -ls
[edit] cron format
* * * * command to be executed - - - - - | | | | | | | | | ----- Day of week (0 - 7) (Sunday=0 or 7) | | | ------- Month (1 - 12) | | --------- Day of month (1 - 31) | ----------- Hour (0 - 23) ------------- Minute (0 - 59)
[edit] ILO from commandline of Linux & HP UX
### complete ILO config root@linux:~ # hponcfg -w /tmp/iLO_ouput.out root@linux:~ # cat /tmp/ILO_ouput.out
### network config root@linux:~ # ipmitool lan print
### info about ilo root@linux:~ # dmidecode
### hpconfig to manipulate ILO config 1. #/sbin/hponcfg -a -w /tmp/ilo2.out # (Get configuration ) 2. #vi /tmp/ilo.out
# (Edit configuration to reflect changes)( Note this is xml file ) 3. #/sbin/hponcfg -f /tmp/ilo.out -v #(Appy the configuration)
/opt/propplus/bin/cprop -detail -a > /tmp/ilo_cua35132orc101.txt
[edit] find big files
du -cks * | sort -rn | head
[edit] find files over 250Mb
find . -xdev -type f -size +250M -exec ls -l {} \;
[edit] services
Chkconfig initctl list service --status-all
[edit] tree of running processes
ps axjf
[edit] showme how long someting is runnning
ps -eo pid,etime | grep PID
OR
ps -p PID -o etime=
[edit] Mount ISO
mount -o loop iso_name mount_dir
[edit] who consume cpu
ps -eo pcpu,pid,user,args | sort -k 1 -r | head -10
OR
ps -eo pcpu,pid,user,args | sort -r -k1 | less
[edit] who is using file
fuser -uv log.log
or
lsof -p PID
[edit] commandline of PID process
less /proc/PID/commandline
[edit] where/when process is started
less /etc/init.d/process ls -l /var/lock/subsys/ | grep process
[edit] Get my public IP
curl -s checkip.dyndns.org | sed -e 's/.*Current IP Address: //' -e 's/<.*$//'
[edit] Is website up and running?
curl -L -I http://www.grm-online.nl
[edit] Show me history of commands
HISTTIMEFORMAT="%d/%m/%y %T "
then
history
[edit] Migrate by tar something somewhere [aka TITS]
(cd /home/over/test_tar/;tar -cf- *) | (cd ~/test_tar2; tar -xvf -)
[edit] INCITE Manager - ILO over ssh tunnel
- just example
ssh -v -L 9998:localhost:2381 svcsuprt@dac32149snt003
[edit] find deleted and open file
/usr/sbin/lsof | grep deleted /usr/sbin/lsof +L 1 # shows files with fewer than 1 link (aka deleted). Usually quite fast.
[edit] showme LV of mountpoints
sudo lvdisplay|awk '/LV Name/{n=$3} /Block device/{d=$3; sub(".*:","dm-",d); print d,n;}'
[edit] rules of logrotate
ls -l /etc/logrotate.conf
[edit] CPU use in time
- Better use nohup command so that you can logout and check back report later on:
nohup sar -o output.file 12 8 >/dev/null 2>&1 &
- All data is captured in binary form and saved to a file (data.file). The data can then be selectively displayed with the sar command using the -f option.
sar -f data.file
[edit] List of total disks in the array
symdisk -sid 1234 list
[edit] List all the failed drives in array 1234
symdisk -sid 1234 list -failed
[edit] smart swap check
for file in /proc/*/status ; do awk '/VmSwap|Name/{printf $2 " " $3}END{print ""}' $file; done | sort -k 2 -n -r | less
[edit] Tree where command tree is not avail
ls -R | grep ":$" | sed -e 's/:$//' -e 's/[^-][^\/]*\//--/g' -e 's/^/ /' -e 's/-/|/'
[edit] NTP check
ntpq -pn ntpstat; echo $?
- if ntpstat status [echo $?] is showing 0 it does mean ntp is running and syncing
[edit] Send file over ROSH
- just example
cat /home/dkelly/hpacucli-9.40-12.0.x86_64.rpm | rosh -l root -n bgamsldbp03-m.centricaplc.com "cat - > /root/hpacucli-9.40-12.0.x86_64.rpm" tar -cf - /home/dkelly/hpacucli-9.40-12.0.x86_64.rpm | rosh -l root -n bgamsldbp03-m.centricaplc.com tar -C /where -xvf -
[edit] CPU usage parser from SAR
#!/bin/bash
# CPU usage parser from SAR
echo "CPU Usage"
echo "============="
echo -n " "
sar -u -f $file | head -3 | tail -1 | awk '{print substr($0,12,100)}'
for file in `ls -tr /var/log/sa/sa* | grep -v sar`
do
dt=`sar -u -f $file | head -1 | awk '{print $NF}'`
echo -n $dt
sar -u -f $file | tail -1 | sed "s/Average: //"
done
[edit] Test if machine is LINUX
#!/bin/bash
# Test if machine is LINUX
# list of hostnames expected as file, first parameter
# .managed.cln should be changed as needed, this is just example
while read line
do
echo "$line".managed.cln ":"
ping -c2 "$line".managed.cln
netcat -zv "$line".managed.cln 22 &> /dev/null; echo $?
done < "$1"
[edit] copy file by mail
base64 -w0 Network.png > Network_base64.out cat Network_base64.out>> /var/tmp/hjh.txt cat /var/tmp/hjh.txt | mailx -s "embedded image test" my@email.com
[edit] extend Linux volume [whole change as example]
1. Virtual
Add additional space on VM bwi-smqapp-q01
Chose VM bwi-smqapp-q01, edit resources -> Create a new virtual
disk ->next -> setup value 20GB disk space. next - >next
-> Save - Finish
2. Unix:
Check if a new disk has been found
# fdisk -l
# tail -f /var/log/message
# ls /sys/class/scsi_host/ | while read host ; do echo "- - -"
> /sys/class/scsi_host/$host/scan ; done
# fdisk -l
3.Unix:
Check type of formatting for vg "local" volume
# cat /etc/fstab
before you will increase /data volume
4.Unix
Check current Volume groups
# vgs
# vgdisplay local
5.Unix
Create physical volume, extend volume group
# pvcreate /dev/sd* //* is name of founded disk named by OS
itself from fdisk -l command
# pvscan
# vgextend local /dev/sd* //* is name of founded disk named by OS
itself from fdisk -l command
6.Unix
Verify current size of LV for /data and extend it
# lvdisplay /dev/local/data
# lvextend -L +20G /dev/mapper/local-data
# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/local-data
Verify that LV size has a new value
# lvdisplay /dev/local/data
7.Unix
Check a size of LV
# vgdisplay local
# df -h /data
